Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is prevalent in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. carrying significant risks for morbidity and mortality. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a simple and non-invasive method to evaluate ANS functions and predict prognoses in specific patient populations. Since there is a lack of a clear understanding of the clinical significance of HRV i... https://www.rawafricaonline.com/